Langston Hughes Essays (1014 words) - African-American Poetry

Langston Hughes Langston Hughes is often considered a voice of the African-American people and a prime example of the magnificence of the Harlem Renaissance. His writing does embody these titles, but the concept of Langston Hughes that portrays a black man's rise to poetic greatness from the depths of poverty and repression are largely exaggerated. America frequently confuses the ideas of segregation, suppression, and struggle associated with African-American history and imposes these ideas onto the stories of many black historical figures and artists. While many of them have struggled with these confines set upon them by American society, Langston Hughes did not fulfill this historical stereotype due to his personal wealth, education, and recognized success (Early 1). James Mercer Langston Hughes was born in Joplin, Missouri on February 1, 1902. His father, James Nathaniel Hughes was a lawyer and businessman and his mother, Carrie Mercer (Langston) Hughes was a schoolteacher. The dual income from his parents appropriated him with funds that he used for his education and to begin his poetry career (Langston Hughes 1). This was an advantage unknown to many black Americans at this time. Hughes spoke of the poverty of the black people and struggles that many went through in their lives just to make enough money for their families to survive. Langston Hughes never greatly encountered this first-hand. In "Let America Be America Again", he states "I am the poor white, fooled and pushed apart". Hughes was never as poor as the downtrodden he spoke of and was never "fooled and pushed apart" (Presley 1). He also was fortunate enough to obtain a benefactor, which still to this day is considered a rare blessing to aspiring writers. In 1929, he met Charlotte van der Veer Quick Mason, a wealthy widow and for the next four years, was financially supported by this generous woman (Langston Hughes 2). Again in "Let America Be America Again", Hughes pleads "I am the man who never got ahead, The poorest worker bartered through the years." In comparison to the many African-Americans at the time who were, indeed, struggling with financial burdens, Langston Hughes knew nothing of this uncertainty he spoke of due to his benefactor. The images of poverty that Hughes evokes through his poetry, contribute to the American notion of impoverished black Americans since the days of slavery, however, Hughes' life was very different from the notion he described (Early 3). At this time in history, many Americans were illiterate, especially minorities. Langston Hughes was fortunate to be able to read, and blessed with his talent to write. Due to financial stability, Hughes was able to attend Columbia University and Lincoln University. This level of study was seldom attained by African-Americans. Even though Langston Hughes was highly educated for an African-American of the time, he still used "black slang" and southern dialects in many of his poems. In "Po' Boy Blues", he not only relays the thoughts of black oppression through the factual words of the poem, but through the dialect used. "Weary, weary, Weary early in de morn. Weary, weary, Early, early in de morn. I's so weary I wish I'd never been born." Reading this evokes images of slavery and the meager existence of poor blacks of the South, but Hughes was not one of these. His own poetry tells the story of the repressed black Americans, yet this also furthers the preconceived images in the readers mind that the writer is, himself, a part of this life style, which he is not. Many are born with the talent to write, but few obtain recognition, especially within their own lifetimes. Langston Hughes' success was even more rare as he was black. He was first recognized as a talented writer as early as 1915, in grammar school as was published in his high school newspaper. In 1925, he was discovered by Carl Van Vechten, and The Weary Blues was published three weeks later. "I got the Weary Blues And I can't be satisfied Got the Weary Blues And can't be satisfied- I ain't happy no mo' And I wish that I had died." -The Weary Blues Even though Hughes continued to express the plight of the underprivileged African-Americans, he became more famous and recognized as a poet. The Harlem Renaissance flourished at this time and with it, Hughes' poetry. The Weary Blues' rhythmic and lyric-like style was greatly influenced by jazz music of the time. This connection between music and poetry paved the way for future styles of modern poetry, specifically the beat poets of the 1950's such as Allen Ginsberg

Information Technology and Human Society

Information Technology and Human Society Introduction It can be argued that Information Technology (â€Å"IT†) became a part of popular culture only after the emergence of two technological breakthroughs. The first one was the invention of the personal computer. The second technological breakthrough was the Internet. These two inventions combined, led the way to the radical change in the way human beings communicate over long distances. It also enhanced their capability to store, access, share, and transmit information.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Information Technology and Human Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The modern world was dominated and transformed by the technologies that came before like the telegraph, radio, and television. But it was a surprise when the IT revolution initiated a radical transformation of human society. After the World-Wide-Web and sophisticated websites are added as innovations to two core technologies of IT , these transformed the social and business realms. In the business world, entrepreneurs and business leaders found a more efficient way to do buy and sell. In the social realm human beings created a virtual identities and communities in a cyberspace. The Computer and Internet It all began with the creation of computers. These are machines that have the capability to process data at speeds that exceeded human power. However, the first generation computers were bulky, expensive and difficult to use. The first generation machines were used primarily by the government for they are the only institution that can afford this novel invention. In the beginning a typical computer can easily occupy the size of an average room. In order for the IT revolution to begin, there was a need for the creation of personal computers. These are scaled down for personal use, hence the name of the equipment. As a consequence of this technological breakthrough the average person can now afford to procure an d use his or her own computer. Although, the invention of the personal computer was an important foundation stone for the impending IT revolution, there was still a missing piece. After World War II scientists and engineers began to tinker with the idea of interconnected computers (Gelb, 2007). Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf found a way to connect multiple computers and this innovation is known as the TCP/IP Protocol (Gelb, 2007). Their invention paved the way for globalization to occur at an accelerated pace. It led to the creation of the Internet that enabled computer users in India to communicate to computer users in the United Kingdom, the United States and even as far as New Zealand.Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Business Realm At first glance IT is all about communication and the efficient management of information. Naturally, it did not take long before IT became the cornerst one of a new way of doing business. Consider the following innovations: a) websites; b) electronic mail and instant messaging; c) a mechanism that can be used to send and receive files such as images, spreadsheets, and digitized documents; and d) a mechanism that can be used to move funds as well as buy and sell goods and services. These innovations opened new methods of doing business that was not available in the past. The sudden increase in computer literacy coupled with the creation of sophisticated websites that enable users to manipulate and benefit from different types of applications ushered in a new kind of globalization (Waters, 2001). In the past international relations was only possible with heads of states, their emissaries and other powerful individuals conducting business overseas. But in the new form of globalization, individuals from different parts of the world can communicate and interact with almost no obstacles standing in their way (Waters, 2001). This new capa bility was made possible by websites created by companies like Yahoo and Google. Furthermore, it enabled individuals in a virtual community to interact without the benefit of a personal relationship with another person. Social Realm IT significantly influenced social development in the past few decades (Lofdah, 2002). One of the critical changes brought about by IT is the ability to communicate and interact without barriers and very minimal government regulation. It is not just the speed, such as those that can be seen with instant messaging and email, but also the fact that it is difficult to monitor the interaction between individuals that are separated by continents and oceans. A cost-efficient way to communicate has altered the job market in a way never seen before. In the past the members of the community are expected to find work within the area. But with the IT revolution, a UK firm can hire and outsource work requirements to someone who lives and works in India or China. Not every type of work can be outsourced but it was enough to radically alter the way the job market will be perceived later on. The IT revolution can be a positive development from the point of view of the need for a cheap and efficient way to communicate with other people. However, it can be a powerful tool that can be exploited by unscrupulous individuals. Aside from transforming the dynamics that govern the job market, the IT revolution gave birth to cybercrime. According to a commentary:Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Information Technology and Human Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Cybercrime is one of the terms used to denote the use of computer technology to engage in unlawful activity. Computer crime, high-tech crime and information-age crime are also used to describe this phenomenon. Most of the cybercrime we have seen so far is nothing more than the migration of real-world crimes into cyberspace (Je wkes, 2007, p.12). One of the most important things to consider is the way people interact without the benefit of a face-to-face interaction. It can pave the way for the distortion of identities. A criminal can easily exploit any weakness in a system and the capacity to defraud by manipulating unseen mechanisms is something that the criminal mind finds difficult to resist. It is clear that information technology can be used for wicked schemes but it must be pointed out that there are other benefits as well, especially when it comes to a more efficient way of doing business. Impact on the Business Realm With the use of IT, businessmen were able to position their products to penetrate new markets (Susskind, Levy, Thomas-Larmer, 2000). For instance, companies in the UK were able to gain a foothold in communist China (Susskind, Levy, Thomas-Larmer, 2000). In the past, the barriers to entry were difficult to deal with. But with the help of IT, businessmen can communicate without the ne ed for a physical presence. This new development compelled social scientists to proclaim that â€Å"globalization as a concept refers both to the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole †¦ both concrete global interdependence and consciousness of the global whole† (Waters, 2001). But globalization in the scope and depth that one can find today would have been impossible without the IT revolution. Aside from cybercrime, the IT revolution opened the door for a more sophisticated way of conducting crime. In other words the World-Wide-Web created a mechanism that encouraged illegal activity. Take for example the case of online pharmacies. In an ideal setting this is a lucrative and efficient way to conduct business. However, the ability to deliver drugs directly to consumers can be easily abused by unscrupulous persons (Kutais, 2000). It is of great importance to monitor and shut down foreign-based business enterprises that f ocus in the sale of illegal merchandise.Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Internet also made possible the proliferation of illegal wildlife trade (Barclay, 2008). The International Fund for Animal Welfare (â€Å"IFAW†) led an international effort to shut down websites that operates in China (Barclay, 2008). According to an official of IFAW, â€Å"their investigation was able to pinpoint Chinese sites selling 1,973 items from 30 species protected by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora or CITES† (Barclay, 2008, p.1). The IT revolution opened the door for illegal activity to flourish but in the social realm there are other issues that require the attention of parents, teenagers, businessmen and government officials. Impact on Relationships and Identity An interesting and at the same time disturbing by-product of the IT revolution is the capability to create virtual identities and virtual communities. This phenomenon is based on the fact that faceless interaction is possible in cyberspace. The speed, ease of use and cheap cost of interacting with people that are located hundreds of miles away coupled with the power of anonymity has emboldened many people to socialize using this new medium. But there is one major difference, according to researchers in the field of virtual reality: People in virtual communities use words on screens to exchange pleasantries and argue, engage in intellectual discourse, conduct commerce, exchange knowledge, share emotional support, make plans, brainstorm, gossip, feud, fall in love †¦ and a lot of idle talk. People in virtual communities do just abut everything people do in real life but we leave our bodies behind (Rheingold, 1998, p.1). Information technology has given rise to cyberculture. It is important to learn more about this phenomenon. It is also important for educational institutions as well as government agencies to contribute and support research focused on these issues. By doing so researchers would be able to contribute grea tly in finding ways to solve the problems that are related to the creation of virtual identities and virtual communities. In the past culture can only be created in a realm where there is face-to-face interaction. It is in the cities, rural areas and hamlets where culture and traditions are created over hundreds of years. The identity of the person cannot be created outside the protective and nurturing boundaries of family, relatives, clans, and friends. In the modern age this was improved upon with the tradition of sending children to college and universities. But the identity of the person is still strongly linked to families left behind. The formation of communities followed the same organic pattern. Communities were formed not only through face-to-face interactions but also through the shared beliefs of the people living in a particular area. Even in college campuses the creation of a community of students are based on things that are tangible such as the curriculum, the teacher s, the classes, and the assignments and exams that have to be completed before completion of their studies. With the advent of personal computers and the World-Wide-Web, the ingredients needed to form communities were no longer valid. Individuals that did not come from the same village and did not share the same beliefs can form communities based on shared interests. These new interests and commonly shared ideas became the foundation for new beliefs. Thus, with just the use of a keyboard and a computer monitor, people can form virtual communities or join one. Virtual communities can be very disorienting to those who are used to conventional forms of human interaction. People can interact even without a clear idea of who is leading the group. Another important feature of the virtual communities is that people can interact even if they are actually strangers. The freedom to create virtual identities provides a way to express an idea without the fear of censure. Another reason for crea ting a virtual identity is for the person to hide certain flaws and at the same time live out fantasies and express deep-seated desires. One of the most important figures who contributed in the study of online identities is Sherry Turkle, a researcher who studied virtual identities such as those that populate the virtual community created by hardcore Star Trek fans. Her findings can be seen in the article entitled, Constructions and Reconstructions of Self in Virtual Reality: Playing in the MUDs. The article was written in 1994 and the result of a study of an interactive computer game. The virtual community was inspired by the American television series called Star Trek: The Next Generation (Turkle, 1994, p. 158). In the said game â€Å"there were over 1000 players that spend up to 80 hours a week participating in intergalactic exploration and wars (Turkle, 1994, p. 158). However, the most intriguing portion of the study was the confession made by one of the players of the game who said the following: â€Å"This is more than my real life† (Turkle, 1994, p.158). The author later revealed that this particular person is a man who played the character of a woman who pretended to be a man† (Turkle, 1994). In this game the â€Å"rules of social interaction are built not received† (Turkle, 1994, p. 163). The IT revolution did not only affect the social and business realms, it radically altered the way people deal with other people and how they see their real identity. Information technology did not only provide a more cost-efficient way to communicate and conduct business, it also paved the way for the creation of virtual identities and communities. The private and public sector must collaborate to learn more about this phenomenon. Conclusion The invention of the personal computer and the Internet greatly impacted the business and social realms. Everything can be traced by the ease and speed of communication as well as the ability to interact wit h others without the need for a face-to-face communication. As are result the new technology allowed people to use it for good and for evil. It is important to regulate the use of information technology. But more than that it is critically important for users to understand how it works in order to help develop rules, regulations, and standards that can harness more of the benefits and less of the harm that IT can bring to the home and business environment. References Barclay, E. (2008). China cracks down on illegal online wildlife trade. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/ Gelb, M. (2007). Innovate like Edison. New York: Penguin Group. Jewkes, Y. (2007). Crime online: Committing, policing and regulating.  OR: William Publishing. Kutais, G. (2000). Internet policies and issues. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Lofdah, C. (2002). Environmental impacts of globalization and trade: a systems  study. MA: MIT Press. Rheingold, H. (1998). The virtual community. Ret rieved from rheingold.com/vc/book/index.html Susskind, L., Levy, P., Thomas-Larmer, J. (2000). Negotiating environmental  agreements. Washington, D.C.: Island Press. Waters, M. (2001). Globalization. New York: Routledge.

The Disciplinary Literacies Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Disciplinary Literacies Project - Essay Example For instance, within the wholesome body of being a doctor, some doctors choose and study to become dentists, surgeons, or simply perform regular operations, and many other branches. As such, the responsibilities of many doctors are beyond that of the patient (Viklund 96). This trade publication has sought to explore on the general study of doctorate professionalism. Being a doctor is often considered tremendous and tedious. However, many people have managed to devote part of their life and time to engage in studying to become doctors of varied categories in the world. As such, it is upon the nature and innate calling for one to engage in the tedious and time-consuming profession of being a doctor. This profession is mired by its professional ethos, something that has often made it to be a profession with credibility, ethos, legitimacy, and of high value in the human society. According to this publication, ethos form part of the doctorate profession. Training and intense preparation equip doctors with the right approaches and disciplines to be exemplified in the field. The article reiterates that there is need for all doctors to keep their focus on meeting the needs and requirements of the profession since this is one of the statements which rules among the doctorate ethics and cannons of behavior among professional doctors. Doctors are called upon to have good memory so that they can be swift in collecting information. Regularity of study is a necessary entity, which makes professional doctors. This is because research is an ongoing process, which elicits more methodologies and approaches to be used by doctors. Doctors are required to be of high understating power. Within the work of a doctor are measures and approaches, which should be made with little and swift thoughts. For instance, the trading article exemplifies that doctors in India are pressed upon to deliver even at situations with no utmost breakthroughs. Moreover, doctors earn their

UAE's need to have Preparedness and Response Plan for Chemical Essay

UAE's need to have Preparedness and Response Plan for Chemical Terrorism Attacks - Essay Example An individual or state is liable to face criminal charges if found guilty of trying to use toxic substances for malicious gains. Furthermore, the fight against biochemical terrorism has been boosted especially through continued support of the United Nations Organization. Despite the fact that detecting such attacks has proven to be a hard nut to crack, nations cannot just sit back and watch thinking that everything is usual. Prevention is better than cure and so there is a need to categorically shun away from this inhuman act. It is only by coming up with adequate measures in the health sector and the intelligence service too. These are basically substances that are commonly used during military operations to kill or cause adverse injuries due to their physiological effects. Chemical effects range from nerve to blister and chocking effects. Nerve agents are very toxic warfare agents. They came to the existence during World War II. Some of these agents include GA-tabun, GB-sarin GD-soman, GF-cyclosarinand the VX-methylphosphonothoic acid. â€Å"G† agents are non-persistent unlike the â€Å"V† agents which are persistent (Hamid & Antu, 2006). Most of the â€Å"G† agents are blended with other substances to increase their effects hence causing the total amount of the toxic substance concentration into the skin by a bigger percentage. At room temperature, it is believed that the GB is highly volatile as GA though to a lesser extent. However, VX is a non-volatile liquid and; therefore, it is not that harmful as compared to other agents. Nerve agents are colorless and mobile liquids while o thers are characterized with a faint fruity like smell (Falkenrath et al., 1998). Victims who inhale GB and VX die after 15 minutes of absorption. Despite GA being less toxic as compared to GB and VX, its low concentration is more irritating to the eyes; its symptoms are often observed in the skin dosage rather than

History of computing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

History of computing - Essay Example So it is actually and initially surprising to find that he is considered as a progenitor of certain important and highly technical computing principles and that he came to influence many of the developments and developers in computing technology. Piatteli-Palmarani (1980) explained that Chomsky’s academic career began as a student of language â€Å"whose approach was rooted in rigorous philosophical analysis and in formal logical-mathematical methods.† (pxxii) During this period he was a revolutionary, seeking to address the inadequacy of the then extant attempts at explaining the nature of language. His passionate work and genius enabled him to develop revolutionary concerns in linguistics by formulating an agenda for scientific linguistics, which is the identification of â€Å"a set of grammatical rules that would generate syntactic descriptions for all of the permissible and none of the nonpermissible sentences in any given language.† (pxxii) It appears that this early, his penchant for the technical approach to linguistics is already apparent – a variable that would be displayed in further works and applicable to computing problems as well. His thoughts in this area, documented in a series of published materials, explained his position that the human mind is highly sensitive to the abstract linguistic structures. They are supposedly never learned because such recognition, according to Chomsky, is innate in human knowledge system. After this stage in Chomsky’s career, he would take up the cudgels for several and different causes that ranged from politics to psychology. In this latter aspect, for instance, Chomsky had a widely publicized conflict with imminent psychologist Jean Piaget. At one point, adherents of both parties managed to have them meet and debate their arguments, resulting in a demonstration of Chomsky’s aptitude in an

Role of the Nurse in Delegation of tasks

Role of the Nurse in Delegation of tasks Delegation is a term that means assigning certain authority or responsibility to a person to carry out that task but the person delegating still maintains the responsibility of the delegated task (Wikipedia, 2010). In the nursing world, delegation is a skill that requires knowledge of what a registered nurse (RN) can delegate and who they can delegate to. It is a competency both recognized by the American Nurses Association (ANA) and National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN). Delegation is a complex skill that is best learned through working with other RNs. In order for an RN to delegate, he or she must know their states nurse practice acts, institutions policies and procedures, and the institutions job description for assistive personnel (Potter and Perry, 2005, p. 379). In order for the RN to delegate a task to a nursing assistive personnel (NAP) or another RN, he or she must know the five rights of delegation which includes the right task, right circumstance, right person, right directions and communications, and right supervision and evaluation (ANA, 2009). A right task is delegated when the task being delegated is within the NAP or another RNs scope of practice. The person being delegated to that task must require very little supervision and must be competent at the assigned task. A nurse can assign the NAP to take vital signs from another patient of his or her but not assign him or her to discontinue an IV. If a nurse is in the middle of an important task (i.e, start another IV from a patient whose IV line had infiltrated), she can ask or assign another RN, if that RN is not busy with her own task, to give her other patients their scheduled medications. For a task to be completed in the appropriate time and manner, it must be done under the right circumstances. The delegating RN must look at the overall scenario to see if the delegated task is right for the patient setting and that resources are readily available. A patients condition can change quickly in an acute care setting. An RN with good critical thinking skills can make good clinical decisions based on the clients condition and be able to delegate a task to the NAP. For a good patient outcome, an RN must know who he or she can delegate a task to. Knowing who to delegate a task can make the workflow much smoother. An NAP with very little experience might need constant supervision compare to an NAP who has worked in the facility for years and knows what can be delegated to him or her. Although an inexperienced NAP must need supervision, he or she must not be deprived of clinical experience and that once enough clinical experience, within his or her scope of practice, is achieved, he or she can be a big help to maintain good workflow. Giving the right direction and maintaining good communication with the NAP or other RNs is a big key in maintaining a good work relationship between the RN and the NAP. Communication is a two way process and that it must be proper and appropriate (ANA, 2009). The delegating RN must let the NAP know what he or she expects of them in doing a delegated task. Giving the NAP a clear and complete direction can make the job flow much smoother and manageable. The RN must also let the NAP know that if he or she has any question regarding the delegated task, that the RN will be readily available for him or her as a resource, guide, and support if she has any question (NCSBN, 2005, p.09). Having supervised the NAP by the delegating RN makes sure that the NAP is complying with the practice, policies, and procedures of the working institution and within the NAPs scope of practice. The RN can determine how often he or she can assign the NAP based on patient needs on the nursing unit and supervise the NAP based on the NAPs experience with the task. In supervising the NAP, the RN must make sure that the delegated task is completed on time so that other RNs on the unit may utilize the NAP if needed. If the delegated task is not completed on time, the RN must intervene so that in can meet the facilitys expectation and completed on time (NCSBN, 2005, p.10). Also, if there is an unexpected change in the patients condition while the NAP is performing his or her task, the RN must intervene to assess and check what could be causing the patients change in condition. Knowing who to delegate and what can be delegated can result in good patient outcomes. Delegation is a skill that requires critical thinking and experience. In order for the RN to delegate, he or she must know the five rights of delegation, their state nurse practice acts, and the working facilities policies and procedures on delegation (ANA, 2009). In turn, this helps assure the public and patients that good, safe, up-to-date knowledge on nursing procedures, policies, and standards keep the RNs and NAPs competent on what they do to provide care. In some of the patients and publics view, the RNs are the one taking care of them but some dont realize that without the NAPs, the RN would not be able to provide the needed time and care they need. RNs are highly encouraged to seek help or assistance if they have any questions regarding delegation. This can help the RNs obtain the information they need to provide safe and effective care for the patients and result in good patient outcomes. This also helps them build a good working relationship with the NAPs and that the NAPs are more willing to do the required task without having to ask them the next time. And thus, this frees the RN to tend to his or her more complex patient and in return, have good patient outcomes.

Coke vs Pepsi Fighting for Foreign Markets :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Coke vs Pepsi Fighting for Foreign Markets Introduction The soft-drink battleground has now turned toward new overseas markets. While once the United States, Australia, Japan, and Western Europe were the dominant soft-drink markets, the growth has slowed down dramatically, but they are still important markets for Coca-Cola and Pepsi. However, Eastern Europe, Mexico, China, Saudi Arabia, and India have become the new "hot spots." Both Coca-Cola and Pepsi are forming joint bottling ventures in these nations and in other areas where they see growth potential. As we have seen, international marketing can be very complex. Many issues have to be resolved before a company can even consider entering uncharted foreign waters. This becomes very evident as one begins to study the international cola wars.

Can a Company Eliminate Inventory Essay

Irrespective of the type of business that a company engages in, whether manufacturing, distribution or services, maintaining a certain quantity of inventory is inevitable. The quantum will depend on the operations of the company as well its policies relating to inventory storage and accounting. However advances in technology and new techniques of production have made it possible for companies to reduce inventory, albeit not eliminate it completely. Technological innovations and developments including barcode readers, asset tracking devices, inventory management software and Point of Sales (POS) systems, among others, aid greatly in reducing excess inventory. With the help of these devices a company is made aware of the exact quantity and type of stock it possesses. Sales, purchases and stock-in-progress are readily recorded and the resulting final stock value can be determined immediately. As a result, the company can identify the excess stock present and choose to either reduce production or increase deliveries to customers. This will decrease the inventory. Moreover, with the use of inventory management software, a company can plan and schedule the production process in a manner so as to manufacture the quantity of goods that will match the demand for the same. Various new techniques of production that reduce inventory, and thereby costs, have also been developed. The most popular one is the Just-in-Time (JIT) method of production or the Toyota Production System. The JIT system integrates various areas of production and management to reduce inventory and the costs associated with its storage and supervision. It relies on signals called â€Å"Kanban† that notify when the next part of the process must be implemented. Production is driven by demand and the system stresses upon such inventory-reducing methods as reducing lot-sizes, ensuring frequent deliveries and reduction of number of parts. Thus, advances in technology have allowed companies to significantly reduce their inventory. With the use of these innovations, a company can discern the actual need for inventory and plan its production and other operations accordingly. Wastage of stock as well as money will be diminished. Nonetheless it must be noted that no company can survive with zero inventory. Every company will have to maintain a certain amount of stock to continue operations without interruption. Thus, advancements in technology can help a company to reduce inventory to a large extent, but not to eliminate it completely.

Free Essays on Latin American Writers

Before 1960 it was very uncommon to hear of the "contemporary Spanish American novel": there were Uruguayan, Ecuadorian, Mexican or Venezuelan novels. However, during this decade, a literary explosion of Latin American literature took place named â€Å"The Boom.† El Boom "was simply the discovery of a new literary language in which to express Latin American reality with, for the first time, complete authenticity1." This genre of literature has become known as magic realism, a movement characterized by the dreamlike and fantastic elements, which are mixed into fiction. There are many reasons why the â€Å"Boom† literature occurred when it did. All the ingredients necessary for a social change were there; social and economic dissatisfaction, new cultural ideas and an opening of opportunities for Latin American writers. Gabriel Marquez gave an example of the social and economic injustices committed in his home country, Colombia, in his Nobel Prize speech: â€Å"There have been five wars and seventeen military coups; there emerged a dictator who is carrying out, in God’s name, the first Latin American ethnocide of our time. Twenty million Latin American children died before the age of one. Those in exile near one hundred and twenty thousand.†2 These problems are common throughout Latin America, a factor in creating a sense of unity because of these common concerns. New cultural ideas often emerged from writers who had been living in Europe, mostly in exile. Mario Llosa said in Interviews with Latin American Writers, that by living in Europe, he received â€Å"a broadened education† and a â€Å"comprehensive perspective, which helped me understand the things in my own country.†3 Other major factors in the change of cultural ideas surfaced from the revolutions and wars that occurred right before and during the twentieth century. Numerous internal movements had been crushed, although they were successful for a time in Mexico and th... Free Essays on Latin American Writers Free Essays on Latin American Writers Before 1960 it was very uncommon to hear of the "contemporary Spanish American novel": there were Uruguayan, Ecuadorian, Mexican or Venezuelan novels. However, during this decade, a literary explosion of Latin American literature took place named â€Å"The Boom.† El Boom "was simply the discovery of a new literary language in which to express Latin American reality with, for the first time, complete authenticity1." This genre of literature has become known as magic realism, a movement characterized by the dreamlike and fantastic elements, which are mixed into fiction. There are many reasons why the â€Å"Boom† literature occurred when it did. All the ingredients necessary for a social change were there; social and economic dissatisfaction, new cultural ideas and an opening of opportunities for Latin American writers. Gabriel Marquez gave an example of the social and economic injustices committed in his home country, Colombia, in his Nobel Prize speech: â€Å"There have been five wars and seventeen military coups; there emerged a dictator who is carrying out, in God’s name, the first Latin American ethnocide of our time. Twenty million Latin American children died before the age of one. Those in exile near one hundred and twenty thousand.†2 These problems are common throughout Latin America, a factor in creating a sense of unity because of these common concerns. New cultural ideas often emerged from writers who had been living in Europe, mostly in exile. Mario Llosa said in Interviews with Latin American Writers, that by living in Europe, he received â€Å"a broadened education† and a â€Å"comprehensive perspective, which helped me understand the things in my own country.†3 Other major factors in the change of cultural ideas surfaced from the revolutions and wars that occurred right before and during the twentieth century. Numerous internal movements had been crushed, although they were successful for a time in Mexico and th...

MS Project Memo essays

MS Project Memo essays Organization, time, and money management are essential to successful business, project, and team management. MS Project software includes a host of tools applicable to any project or task. The application enables users to design a plan of action and clearly outlines the steps necessary for its timely and efficient completion. Moreover, multiple members of a team can view, edit, and track changes to the project data. Microsoft's Project software also works in tandem with other applications in the MS Office suite, enabling users to transfer data between other applications like MS Word or Excel. Finally project reports can be printed using charts, graphics, and text, so team members can have visual aides. Plans can be easily changed or updated during the course of project management. First-time users may find that MS Office has a high learning curve, as it contains a wide range functions and menus. The graphical user interface (GUI) seems daunting at times, too. Help options are limited as is the basic manual included with the software package. Because of this, users may be unaware of how powerful the software actually is and should rely on support from more experienced coworkers. Because MS Project is a team- oriented application, opportunities for informal problem solving among Given that the cost of the software is within our budget and that we do rely heavily on team-based initiatives, I strongly recommend that we invest in the product. MS Project will help us become more organized and plan our projects more efficiently, which will save us time and money in the long run. Each project can be broken down into individual parts with dates of expected completion and each team member will be clear about their specific responsibilities. Moreover, MS Project integrates with other MS Office software that we use regularly. With Project we will also be less ...

Leo Tolstoy and Kurosawa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leo Tolstoy and Kurosawa - Essay Example The movie revolves around the protagonist’s enlightenment and passion towards life. Both the works (novel and movie), deal with the same theme, but differs in treatment. Thesis statement: The novel The death of Ivan Ilyich by Leo Tolstoy and the movie Ikiru by Akira Kurosawa are two sides of the same coin, fear of death and passion towards life. Compare and contrast The techniques used by Kurosawa in the film Ikuru which differentiates his work form Tolstoy In the film Ikiru, Kurosawa made use of a number of techniques like flash backs and narrative ellipse which differentiates his work from Tolstoy. Yoshimoto makes clear that â€Å"Second, the film presents this story in a complex narrative structure created by flash backs, voice-over narration, and narrative ellipses† (194). Apart from Ivan Ilyich, Watanabe does not try to keep himself aloof from his personal life. When Watanabe came to know that he is going to die due to cancer, he did not try to retrieve from the pr ocess of socialization. Instead, he decides to change his attitude towards life and to enjoy the remaining days. The director made use of the protagonist’s mind and deeds as a mirror which reflects his feeling and emotions. Besides, the protagonist’s enlightenment or self-realization is not a gradual process. ... The element of enlightenment in Ivan Ilyich and Watanabe The enlightenment or self-realization acquired by Ivan Ilyich does not help him to accept his illness. Instead, he considers the truth about life as a wrath exerted upon his life. He was not ready to give up his life. This affected his emotional equilibrium and his remaining days were painful. This negative feeling began to affect his relationship with his family members. Gradually, his anger towards his illness transformed into anger towards others including his co-workers and others. This negative attitude towards life and death did not help him to enjoy his remaining days in his life. His self-centered attitude forces him to think that he will be uprooted from his life. This attitude towards death was not helpful because he was not ready to cope up with death. On the other side, Watanabe was practical because he was aware of the fact that death and life are two different sides of the same coin. His philosophical attitude hel ped him to keep his illness as a personal secret and to enjoy the remaining days with happiness. To be specific, enlightenment in Ivan Ilyich’s life was a gradual process. On the other side, enlightenment was a rapid process in Watanabe’s personal life. Common struggles faced by Ivan Ilyich and Watanabe Both the characters were forced to fight against death and life. Ivan Ilyich hesitated to accept the truth but Watanabe was ready to accept death as the part of his life. Ivan Ilyich was not ready to give up his bureaucratic style of life. But Watanabe was ready to his give up his mechanical life. The struggles faced by Ivan Ilyich and Watanabe were same. Watanabe was ready to accept the same, but Ivan Ilyich was not ready to do so. This transformed their

Proposed Sources, Strategy, and Method for Project Essay

Proposed Sources, Strategy, and Method for Project - Essay Example The paper will discuss the rationale behind the choices of recruitment and sampling methods. It will also describe permissions required for use of the data collected and determine a suitable sample size. The paper will also discuss the various strengths and weaknesses of the tentative recruitment strategy and sampling method. In formulating a research proposal, a researcher has to define the kind of data to be collected so as to give accurate results. The researcher needs to employ a data sampling method. Once the type of data required has been defined, data sources must be identified. These data sources may include research participants who need to be recruited for the research. The research requires a suitable recruitment strategy to get the suitable research participants. As suggested by Adler and Clark (2010), data that pertains to the financial performance of corporate companies would be sourced through financial statements of listed companies. They would also be sourced from other financial publications like minutes to General Meetings, magazines and newspaper articles as well as stocks listings. Meta-analysis of past quantitative research with a sample size of 1000 observations will be another data source. Surveys, interviews and portfolios of the companies will also serve as data sources. A survey will be conducted, with questionnaires sent to participants via mail and follow-up calls made to encourage response. Following examples by Teddlie and Tashakkori (2009), the research’s sampling frame will include corporate managers in the public relations, marketing, accounting and finance departments. They would represent companies listed on the stock exchange as these companies’ financial records are accessible to the public. A survey questionnaire would be sent to the specific manager by mail. A cover letter would be included that explains the need for the research and what the respondent is